Ехокардіографічна оцінка мітральної недостатності
Н.Д. Орищин

Література

1. Agricola E, Oppizzi M, Pisani M, et al. Ischemic mitral regurgitation: mechanisms and echocardiographic classification. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2008;9:207-221.
2. Antonini-Canterin F, Beladan CC, Popescu BA. et al . Left atrial remodelling early after mitral valve repair for degenerative mitral regurgitation. Heart. 2008;94:759-764.
3. Caldarera I, Van Herwerden LA, Taams MA, et al. Multiplane transoesophageal echocardiography and morphology of regurgitant mitral valves in surgical repair. Eur Heart J. 1995;6:999-1006.
4. Chaliki H, Nishimura R, Enriquez-Sarano M, et al. A simplified, practical approach to assessment of severity of mitral regurgitation by Doppler color flow imaging with proximal convergence: validation with concomitant cardiac catheterization. Mayo Clin Proc. 1998;73:929-935.
5. Ciarka A, Braun J, et al. Predictors of mitral regurgitation recurrence in patients with heart failure undergoing mitral valve annuloplasty. Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(3):395-401.
6. Enriquez-Sarano M, Miller FJ, Hayes S, et al. Effective mitral regurgitant orifice area: clinical use and pitfalls of the proximal isovelocity surface area method. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;25:703-709.
7. Enriquez-Sarano M, Freeman WK, et al. Functional anatomy of mitral regurgitation: accuracy and outcome implications of transesophageal echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol.1999;34:1129-1136.
8. Enriquez-Sarano M, Avierinos JF, Messika-Zeitoun D, et al. Quantitative determinants of the outcome of asymptomatic mitral regurgitation. New Engl J. Med. 2005;352:875-883.
9. Grigioni F, Enriquez-Sarano M, Zehr KJ, et al. Ischemic mitral regurgitation: long-term outcome and prognostic implications with quantitative Doppler assessment. Circulation. 2001;103:1759-1764.
10. Grossi EA, Crooke GA. Impact of moderate functional mitral insufficiency in patients undergoing surgical revascularization. Circulation. 2006;114(Suppl. 1):1573-1576.
11. Hall SA, Brickner E, Willett DL, et al. Assessment of mitral regurgitation severity by Doppler color flow mapping of the vena contracta. Circulation. 1997;95:636-642.
12. Heinle SK, Hall SA, Brickner ME. Comparison of vena contracta width by multiplane transesophageal echocardiography with quantitative Doppler assessment of mitral regurgitation. Am J Cardiol. 1998;81:175-179.
13. Hung J, Papakostas L, Tahta SA, et al. Mechanism of recurrent ischemic mitral regurgitation after annuloplasty: continued LV remodeling as a moving target. Circulation. 2004;110 (Suppl. II):85-90.
14. Iung B, Baron G, Butchart EG, et al. Aprospective survey of patients with valvular heart disease in Europe: the EuroHeart Survey on Valvular Heart Disease. Eur Heart J. 2003;24:1231-1243.
15. Kongsaerepong V, Shiota M, Gillinov AM, et al. Echocardiographic predictors of successful versus unsuccessful mitral valve repair in ischemic mitral regurgitation. Am J Cardiol. 2006;98:504-508.
16. Kwan J, Shiota T, Agler DA, et al. Geometric differences of the mitral apparatus between ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy with significant mitral regurgitation: real-time three-dimensional echocardiography study. Circulation. 2003;107:1135-1140.
17. Lancellotti P, Lebrun F, Pierard LA. Determinants of exercise-induced changes in mitral regurgitation in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42:1921-1928.
18. Lancellotti P, Pierard LA. Chronic ischaemic mitral regurgitation: Exercise testing reveals its dynamic component. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:1816-1817.
19. Lancellotti P, Moura L, Pierard LA, et al. European Association of Echocardiography recommendations for the assessment of valvular regurgitation. Part 2: mitral and tricuspid regurgitation (native valve disease). Eur J Echocardiogr. 2010;11:307-332.
20. Lancellotti P, Marwick T, Pierard LA. How to manage ischaemic mitral regurgitation. Heart. 2008;94:1497-502.
21. Marciniak A, Claus P, Sutherland GR, et al. Changes in systolic left ventricular function in isolated mitral regurgitation. A strain rate imaging study. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:2627-2632.
22. Matsumura Y, Fukuda S, et al. Geometry of the proximal isovelocity surface area in mitral regurgitation by 3-dimensional color Doppler echocardiography: difference between functional mitral regurgitation and prolapse regurgitation. Am Heart J. 2008;155:231-238.
23. Messika-Zeitoun D, Bellamy M, Avierinos JF, et al. Left atrial remodelling in mitral regurgitation-methodologic approach, physiological determinants, and outcome implications: a prospective quantitative Doppler-echocardiographic and electron beam-computed tomographic study. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:1773-1781.
24. Monin JL, Dehant P, Roiron C, et al. Functional assessment of mitral regurgitation by transthoracic echocardiography using standardized imaging planes diagnostic accuracy and outcome implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:302-309.
25. O'Gara P, Sugeng L, Lang R. et al . The role of imaging in chronic degenerative mitral regurgitation.// JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008;1:221-237
26. Sabbah HN, Rosman H, Kono T, et al. On the mechanism of functional mitral regurgitatio. Am J Cardiol. 1993;72:1074-1076.
27. Tibayan FA, Rodriguez F, Zasio MK, et al. Geometric distortions of the mitral valvular-ventricular complex in chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation. Circulation. 2003;108:116-121.
28. Tribouilloy C, Shen WF, Quéré JP, et al. Assessment of severity of mitral regurgitation by measuring regurgitant jet width at its origin with transesophageal Doppler color flow imaging. Circulation. 1992;85:1248-1253.
29. Vahanian A, Baumgartner H, Bax J, et al. Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease: the task force on the management of valvular heart disease of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:230-268.
30. Yosefy C, Hung J, Chua S, et al. Direct measurement of vena contracta area by real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography for assessing severity of mitral regurgitation. Am J Cardiol. 2009;104:978-983.
31. Zoghbi WA, Enriquez-Sarano M, Foster E, et al. American Society of Echocardiography. Recommendations for evaluation of the severity of native valvular regurgitation with two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2003;16:777-802.