Cognitive disorders in patients with atrial fibrillation

O.A. Yepanchintseva, A.S. Solonovych, O.S. Solonovych

References

1. Svyrydova NK, Parnikoza TP, Chupryna HM, Sulik RV, Lubenetsʹ HS, Inhula NI, Kravchuk NO. Algorithm prediction of cognitive impairment. Skhidno-yevropeysʹkyy nevrolohichnyy zhurnal. 2015; 3:28-38. Rezhym dostupu: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/cenj_2015_3_4.
2. Abed HS, Wittert GA, Leong DP et al. Effect of weight reduction and cardiometabolic risk factor management on symptom burden and severity in patients with atrial fibrillation: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;310:2050–60. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.280521. 
3. Alonso A, Arenas de Larriva AP. Atrial Fibrillation, Cognitive Decline And Dementia. Eur Cardiol. 2016;11(1):49-53. doi:10.15420/ecr.2016:13:2. PMID: 27547248; PMCID: PMC4988519.
4. Bansal N, Zelnick LR, An J, et al. Incident Atrial Fibrillation and Risk of Dementia in a Diverse, Community-Based Population. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12(6):e028290. doi:10.1161/JAHA.122.028290. Epub 2023 Mar 8. PMID: 36883422; PMCID: PMC10111519.
5. Battistin U, AlQassim N, Hallak Y, et al. Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Atrial Fibrillation: An up to Date Case Report. Neurohospitalist. 2022;12(2):391-394. doi:10.1177/19418744211067353. Epub 2022 Feb 11. PMID: 35419135; PMCID: PMC8995587.
6. Bunch TJ, Crandall BG, Weiss JP, et al. Patients treated with catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation have long-term rates of death, stroke, and dementia similar to patients without atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2011;22:839. DOI:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02035.x.
7. Chao TF, Lip GYH, Liu CJ, et al. Relationship of aging and incident comorbidities to stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71:122. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.10.085.
8. Creavin ST, Wisniewski S, Noel-Storr AH, et al. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of dementia in clinically unevaluated people aged 65 and over in community and primary care populations. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;CD011145. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011145.pub2
9. Dagres N, Chao TF, Fenelon G, et al. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS)/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS)/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS) expert consensus on arrhythmias and cognitive function: What is the best practice? J Arrhythm. 2018;34(2):99-123. doi:10.1002/joa3.12050. PMID: 29657586; PMCID: PMC5891416.
10. de Bruijn RFAG, Heeringa J, Wolters FJ, et al. Association between atrial fibrillation and dementia in the general population. JAMA Neurol. 2015; 72:1288-94. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.2161.
11. Diener HC, Hart RG, Koudstaal PJ, Lane DA, Lip GYH. Atrial Fibrillation and Cognitive Function: JACC Review Topic of the Week. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(5):612-9. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.10.077. PMID: 30732716.
12. Friberg L, Andersson T, Rosenqvist M. Less dementia and stroke in low-risk patients with atrial fibrillation taking oral anticoagulation. Eur Heart J. 2019;40:2327-35. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz304.
13. Friberg L, Rosenqvist M. Less dementia with oral anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 2018;39:453. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx579.
14. Gallinoro E, D’Elia S, Prozzo D et al. Cognitive Function and Atrial Fibrillation: From the Strength of Relationship to the Dark Side of Prevention. Is There a Contribution from Sinus Rhythm Restoration and Maintenance? Medicina (Kaunas). 2019;13;55(9):587. doi:10.3390/medicina55090587. PMID: 31540311; PMCID: PMC6780629.
15. Gardarsdottir M, Sigurdsson S, Aspelund T, et al. Atrial fibrillation is associated with decreased total cerebral blood flow and brain perfusion. Europace. 2018;20:1252-8. doi:10.1093/europace/eux220.
16. Haeusler KG, Wilson D, Fiebach JB, Kirchhof P, Werring DJ. Brain MRI to personalise atrial fibrillation therapy: current evidence and perspectives. Heart. 2014;100:1408-13. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2013305151.
17. Hahne K, Mönnig G, Samol A. Atrial fibrillation and silent stroke: links, risks, and challenges. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2016;12:65-74. doi:10.2147/VHRM.S81807.
18. Harada M, Van Wagoner DR, Nattel S. Role of inflammation in atrial fibrillation pathophysiology and management. Circ J. 2015;79:495-502. doi:10.1253/circj.CJ-15-0138. 
19. Harrison JK, Noel-Storr AH, Demeyere N, Reynish EL, Quinn  TJ. Outcomes measures in a decade of dementia and mild cognitive impairment trials. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2016;8:48. doi:10.1186/s13195-016-0216-8.
20. Herm J, Schurig J, Martinek MR, et al. MRI-detected brain lesions in AF patients without further stroke risk factors undergoing ablation - a retrospective analysis of prospective studies. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2019;19(1):58. doi:10.1186/s12872-019-1035-1. PMID: 30871479; PMCID: PMC6419420.
21. Hsu JY, Liu PP, Liu AB, et al. Lower Risk of Dementia in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Taking Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10(5):e016437. doi:10.1161/JAHA.120.016437. Epub 2021 Feb 15. PMID: 33586465; PMCID: PMC8174264.
22. Hu YF, Chen YJ, Lin YJ, Chen SA. Inflammation and the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2015;12:230-43. doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2015.2.
23. Jacobs V, Woller SC, Stevens S, et al. Time outside of therapeutic range in atrial fibrillation patients is associated with long-term risk of dementia. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:2206. DOI:10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.08.013.
24. Jefferson AL, Poppas A, Paul RH, Cohen RA. Systemic hypoperfusion is associated with executive dysfunction in geriatric cardiac patients. Neurobiol Aging. 2007;28:477-83. DOI:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.01.001.
25. Jefferson AL. Cardiac output as a potential risk factor for abnormal brain aging. J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;20(3):813-21. doi:10.3233/JAD-2010-100081. PMID: 20413856; PMCID: PMC3041147.
26. Kalantarian S, Ay H, Gollub RL, et al. Association between atrial fibrillation and silent cerebral infarctions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2014;161(9):650-8. 
27. Kalantarian S, Ruskin JN. Atrial Fibrillation and Cognitive Decline. Cardiology Clinics. 2016;34(2):279-85 DOI:10.1016/j.ccl.2015.12.011.
28. Kannel WB, Wolf PA, Benjamin EJ, Levy D. Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: population-based estimates. Am J Cardiol. 1998;82:2N-9N. DOI:10.1016/s0002-9149(98)00583-9
29. Knecht S, Oelschläger C, Duning T, et al. Atrial fibrillation in stroke-free patients is associated with memory impairment and hippocampal atrophy. Eur Heart J. 2008;29(17):2125-32. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehn341.
30. Koh YH, Lew LZW, Franke KB, et al. Predictive role of atrial fibrillation in cognitive decline: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 2.8 million individuals. Europace. 2022;24(8):1229-39. doi:10.1093/europace/euac003. PMID: 35061884; PMCID: PMC9435641.
31. Kozberg MG, Perosa V, Gurol ME, van Veluw SJ. A practical approach to the management of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Int J Stroke. 2021;16(4):356-69. doi:10.1177/1747493020974464. Epub 2020 Nov 29. PMID: 33252026; PMCID: PMC9097498.
32. Krishnan K, Rossetti H, Hynan LS, et al. Changes in Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores over time. Assessment. 2017;24:772-7. doi:10.1177/1073191116654217.
33. Kwok CS, Loke YK, Hale R, et al. Atrial fibrillation and incidence of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology. 2011;76 (10):914-22. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31820f2e38.
34. Leys D, Hénon H, Mackowiak-Cordoliani MA, Pasquier F. Poststroke dementia. Lancet Neurol. 2005;4:752-9. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70221-0.
35. Li J, Solus J, Chen Q, et al. Role of inflammation and oxidative stress in atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2010;7(4):438-44. DOI:10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.12.009.
36. Li X, Yuan J, Yang L, et al. The significant effects of cerebral microbleeds on cognitive dysfunction: an updated meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0185145. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185145.
37. Madhavan M, Hu TY, Gersh BJ, et al. Efficacy of warfarin anticoagulation and incident dementia in a community-based cohort of atrial fibrillation. Mayo Clin Proc. 2018;93:145-54. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.09.021.
38. Madhavan M, Holmes DN, Piccini JP, et al. Association of frailty and cognitive impairment with benefits of oral anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am Heart J. 2019;211:77-89. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.005. Epub 2019 Jan 30. PMID: 30901602.
39. Miyasaka Y, Barnes ME, Gersh BJ, et al. Secular trends in incidence of atrial fibrillation in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1980 to 2000, and implications on the projections for future prevalence. Circulation. 2006;114:119-25. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.595140.
40. O’Neal WT, Efird JT, Dawood FZ, et al. Coronary artery calcium and risk of atrial fibrillation (from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). Am J Cardiol. 2014;114:1707-12. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.09.005.
41. Pathak RK, Middeldorp ME, Meredith M, et al. Long-term Effect of Goal directed weight management in an Atrial fibrillation Cohort: a long-term follow-up study (LEGACY Study). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65:2159-69. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.03.002. 
42. Prince M, Bryce R, Albanese E, et al. The global prevalence of dementia: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Alzheimers Dement. 2013;9:63-75.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2012.11.007.
43. Rivard L, Friberg L, Conen D et al. Atrial Fibrillation and Dementia: A Report From the AF-SCREEN International Collaboration. Circulation. 2022;145(5):392-409. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055018.
44. Sachdev P, Kalaria R, O’Brien J, et al. International Society for Vascular Behavioral and Cognitive Disorders. Diagnostic criteria for vascular cognitive disorders: a VASCOG statement. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2014;28:206-18. doi:10.1097/WAD.0000000000000034.
45. Saglietto A, Scarsoglio S, Ridolfi L, et al. Higher ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation relates to increased cerebral hypoperfusions and hypertensive events. Sci Rep. 2019;9:3779. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-40445-
46. Saito T, Kawamura Y, Sato N, et al. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants do not increase cerebral microbleeds. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015;24:1373-7. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.02.018.
47. Shi Y, Thrippleton MJ, Makin SD, et al. Cerebral blood flow in small vessel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2016;36:1653-67. doi:10.1177/0271678X16662891.
48. Stefansdottir H, Arnar DO, Aspelund T, et al. Atrial fibrillation is associated with reduced brain volume and cognitive function independent of cerebral infarcts. Stroke. 2013;44(4):1020-5. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.12.679381. Epub 2013 Feb 26. PMID: 23444303; PMCID: PMC3632359.
49. Vergaro G, Aimo A, Rapezzi C, et al. Atrial amyloidosis: mechanisms and clinical manifestations. Eur J Heart Fail. 2022;24(11):2019-28. doi:10.1002/ejhf.2650. Epub 2022 Aug 21. PMID: 35920110; PMCID: PMC10087817.
50. Watson T, Shantsila E, Lip GY. Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation: Virchow’s triad revisited. Lancet. 2009;373:155-66. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60040-4.
51. Wersching H, Duning T, Lohmann H, et al. Serum C-reactive protein is linked to cerebral microstructural integrity and cognitive function. Neurology. 2010;74:1022-9. DOI:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181d7b45b.
52. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation: a major contributor to stroke in the elderly: The Framingham Study. Arch Intern Med. 1987;147:1561-4. PMID: 3632164.
53. Xia C, Vonder M, Sidorenkov G, et al. The relationship of coronary artery calcium and clinical coronary artery disease with cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2020;27:934-58. doi: 10.5551/jat.52928.
54. Zenger B, Rizzi S, Steinberg BA, et al. This is Your Brain, and This is Your Brain on Atrial Fibrillation: The Roles of Cardiac Malperfusion Events and Vascular Dysfunction in Cognitive Impairment. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev. 2023;12:e01. doi:10.15420/aer.2022.29. PMID: 36845168; PMCID: PMC9945461.